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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brake_specific_fuel_consumption
Brake specific fuel consumption
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Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is a measure of fuel efficiency within a shaft reciprocating engine. It is the rate of fuel consumption divided by the power produced. It may also be thought of as power-specific fuel consumption, for this reason. BSFC allows the fuel efficiency of different reciprocating engines to be directly compared.
Contents [hide]
1 The BSFC calculation (in metric units)
2 The relationship between BSFC numbers and efficiency
3 The use of BSFC numbers as operating values and as a cycle average statistic
4 The significance of BSFC numbers for engine design and class
5 Typical values of BSFC for shaft engines
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
[edit] The BSFC calculation (in metric units)
To calculate this rate, use the formula
Where:
r is the fuel consumption rate in grams per second (g·s-1)
P is the power produced in watts where P = τω
ω is the engine speed in radians per second (rad·s-1)
τ is the engine torque in newton meters (N·m)
The resulting units of BSFC are grams per joule (g·J−1)
Commonly BSFC is expressed in units of grams per kilowatt-hour (g/(kW·h)). The conversion factor is as follows:
BSFC [g/(kW·h)] = BSFC [g/J]×(3.6×106)
The conversion between metric and imperial units is:
BSFC [g/(kW·h)] = BSFC [lb/(hp·h)]×608.277
BSFC [lb/(hp·h)] = BSFC [g/(kW·h)]×0.001644
[edit] The relationship between BSFC numbers and efficiency
To calculate the actual efficiency of an engine requires the energy density of the fuel being used.
Different fuels have different energy densities defined by the fuels heating value. The lower heating value LHV is used for internal combustion engines efficiency calculations because the heat at temperatures below 150 °C (300 °F) cannot be put to use.
Some examples of lower heating values for vehicle fuels are:
Certification gasoline = 18640 BTU/lb = 0.01204 kW·h/g
Regular gasoline = 18917 BTU/lb = 0.0122225 kW·h/g
Diesel fuel = 18500 BTU/lb = 0.0119531 kW·h/g
Thus a diesel engine's efficiency = 1/(BSFC*0.0119531)
and a gasoline engine's efficiency = 1/(BSFC*0.0122225)
[edit] The use of BSFC numbers as operating values and as a cycle average statistic
BSFC [g/(kW·h)] mapAny engine will have different BSFC values at different speeds and loads. For example, a reciprocating engine achieves maximum efficiency when the intake air is unthrottled and the engine is running near its torque peak. However, the numbers often reported for a particular engine are a fuel economy cycle average statistic. For example, the cycle average value of BSFC for a gasoline engine is 322 g/(kW·h), translating to an efficiency of 25%. However, efficiency for that engine can be lower or higher than this average statistic depending on the operating condition. In the case of a production gasoline engine, the most efficient BSFC is approximately 225 g/(kW·h), which is equivalent to a thermodynamic efficiency of 37%.